| Título | The rising tide lifts all boats? Income support measures for employees and self-employed during the COVID-19 pandemic |
|---|---|
| Autores | CHRISTL, MICHAEL, De Poli, Silvia , Ivaskaite-Tamosiune, Viginta |
| Publicación externa | No |
| Medio | Int. Tax Public Financ. |
| Alcance | Article |
| Naturaleza | Científica |
| Cuartil JCR | 3 |
| Cuartil SJR | 2 |
| Web | https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105003750705&doi=10.1007%2fs10797-025-09896-7&partnerID=40&md5=3c059388202ce174237a9fced69efed6 |
| Fecha de publicacion | 28/04/2025 |
| ISI | 001477699300001 |
| Scopus Id | 2-s2.0-105003750705 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s10797-025-09896-7 |
| Abstract | This paper examines the extent to which fiscal policy protected household incomes in the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic in EU countries. Using microsimulation techniques and detailed Eurostat data, we analyse this impact separately for employees and the self-employed. We show that while on average income protection was similar for employees and the self-employed at the EU level, the heterogeneity both between and within countries was much higher for self-employed households in 2021. For employees, both monetary compensation schemes and unemployment benefits played a similar role in absorbing the income shock, whereas for the self-employed it was mainly monetary compensation schemes and much less so unemployment benefits that stabilised their income. Overall, we find that monetary compensation schemes, together with automatic stabilisers, absorbed a substantial part (67%) of the market income shock in 2021, albeit with a reduced cushioning effect compared to the previous year (74%). Monetary compensation schemes alone account for almost a third of this cushioning effect in 2021. Our paper underlines the importance of targeted policies to ensure comprehensive support for vulnerable households amid ongoing economic uncertainties. |
| Palabras clave | COVID-19; Self-employed; Income stabilisation; Microsimulation; EUROMOD; D31; E24; H24 |
| Miembros de la Universidad Loyola |