CALDENTEY DEL POZO, PEDRO
No
Central America And The European Union: Fundamentals Of An Exceptional Relationship
Capítulo de un Libro
Científica
01/01/2025
2-s2.0-105007408077
Relations between the EU and Central America are exceptional and predominantly positive. The relationship with Central America is for the EU a case that demonstrates the positive impact of its foreign policy on developing countries. For Central America, relations with the EU are a counterpoint to relations with the United States and those it could develop with China, even though the region’s main political and economic actors seem more attentive to the latter. The EU’s commitment to Central American interests during the 1980s and 1990s reached significant heights thanks to the San José process. The EU-Central America Association Agreement signed in 2012 was set to be the new center of the relationship between the two regions. Although its scope has been significant, it has not achieved the initial expectations because the ratification of the full agreement took place until 2024 and has transferred its political relevance to other instruments of the bi-regional relationship under the Global Gateway agenda. The entry into force of its three pillars after ratification could allow it to recover its relevance in EU-Central American relations at a critical moment for Central America, recalling the moment that gave rise to the San José process. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.
Central America; Critical moment; European union; Foreign policy